Wabah Corona dan Politik Kesehatan: Studi Perbandingan Penanganan SARS, MERS, dan Covid-19
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Nabila Bintang Maharani
Andi Aildah Putri Fadillah
Rusmala Dewi Kabubu
Pandemi merupakan fenomena global yang menimbulkan dampak multidimensional, tidak hanya dalam aspek kesehatan, tetapi juga sosial, ekonomi, dan politik. Tulisan ini membahas tiga pandemi besar abad ke-21SARS, MERS, dan COVID-19yang memiliki kesamaan dari sisi etiologi virus, yaitu berasal dari hewan (zoonosis), serta dampaknya terhadap Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif analisis konten. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa SARS (2002), MERS (2012), dan COVID-19 (2019) memiliki pola penyebaran yangcepat dan mematikan, dengan angka kematian bervariasi: SARS 9,6%, MERS hingga 44%, dan COVID-19 di Indonesia sempat mencapai 8,6% pada April 2020. Setiap pandemi menunjukkan keterbatasan sistem kesehatan global dan nasional dalam penanganannya, namun jugamendorong kemajuan dalam kebijakan mitigasi kesehatan dan pengembangan vaksin. Respons Indonesia terhadap ketiga pandemi menunjukkan peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu, meskipun masih dihadapkan pada tantangan koordinasi, transparansi data, serta kesenjanganfasilitas kesehatan. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya sinergi antara sains, kebijakan publik, dan kesadaran sosial dalam menghadapi ancaman kesehatan global di masa depan.
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